The Second Additional Protocol to the Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime (Budapest Convention) on enhanced co-operation and disclosure of electronic evidence (Protocol) aims to further enhance cooperation on cybercrime and the ability of criminal justice authorities to collect electronic...

The Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime (Budapest Convention) was the first international treaty to focus explicitly on cybercrime. Its aim is to function as an international framework for the harmonization of cybercrime-related legislation and to facilitate the fight against criminal...

On 27 December 2019, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly (GA) adopted Resolution 74/247 on “Countering the use of information and communications technologies for criminal purposes” proposed by the Russian Federation (Russia), kicking off the initiative for a new UN treaty on cybercrime. The GA...

Despite the fast growth of the amount of electronic data stored by Service Providers (SPs) and the increased demand for cross-border access to such data in criminal investigations and proceedings, judicial cooperation procedures have not adapted to this reality and are often still heavily paper...

Formal Mutual Legal Assistance (MLA) procedures have been widely criticised as being too slow and not adapted to reality, in particular the nature of electronic evidence which is not only more volatile but also easier to manipulate than traditional types of evidence. Various initiatives on digital...

Despite the fast growth of the amount of electronic data stored by Service Providers (SPs) and the increased demand for cross-border access to such data in criminal investigations and proceedings, judicial cooperation procedures have not adapted to this reality and are often still heavily paper...