A typical cross-border fraud case would tend to follow logical geographical lines and could, for example, focus on a particular language group. Operation ‘Vertigo’ did not follow a usual pattern. Its sheer scale and complexity made it exceptional. In this carousel fraud case, the organised crime...

The Terrorism Convictions Monitor (TCM) is intended to provide a regular overview of the terrorism-related developments throughout the EU area. The Monitor has been developed on the basis of open sources information available to the Case Analysis Unit and methodologies such as individual case...

This legal analysis provides an overview of relevant Spanish case-law on illegal immigrant smuggling, highlighting the main obstacles faced by Spanish courts in dealing with such cases and solutions emerging therefrom. This product is based on the examination of a representative sample of 14 court...

This report provides a source of information for practitioners involved in the investigation and prosecution of trafficking in human beings (THB) for the purpose of labour exploitation. It elaborates on a number of indicators of ‘labour exploitation’ that have emerged from national case law. Given...

The Terrorism Convictions Monitor (TCM) is intended to provide a regular overview of the terrorism-related developments throughout the EU area. The Monitor has been developed on the basis of open sources information available to the Case Analysis Unit and methodologies such as individual case...

The Terrorism Convictions Monitor (TCM) is intended to provide a regular overview of the terrorism-related developments throughout the EU area. The Monitor has been developed on the basis of open sources information available to the Case Analysis Unit and methodologies such as individual case...